recap
t =
0 ms
1
/7 ·
the click
round trips
0
· page
0
of
560
KB
DNS resolver, nearby
nearest data center
198.35.26.96
google.com
internet
Internet — Wikipedia
You click a search result. This browser has never talked to en.wikipedia.org, nothing cached, no connection open, so every layer must run once.
A first visit to a new site, clicked from a search results page, the one case where every layer runs. Each message crosses the same routers, cables, and owners as the opening simulation (the small unlabeled squares stand in for them). Outlined packets are plaintext handshakes; filled ones are ciphertext. Timings assume a cached DNS answer and a ~24 ms round trip to the server, real numbers vary, but the idea is same.
